Bijli ke bill jis tarah barhe hain, har doosra ghar solar ka soch raha hai. Lekin pehla sawal hamesha yehi hota hai: “Mere ghar ke liye kitne kW chahiye, kitne ka lagega, aur paisa kitne saal mein wapas aayega?” 2026 mein NEPRA ke naye net billing rules ke baad is sawal ka jawab thoda badal gaya hai.
Is guide mein hum step by step dekhenge ke apne units se system size kaise nikalein, on-grid, hybrid aur off-grid mein kya farq hai, battery kab zaroori hai, aur ek mukammal example se payback ka hisaab lagayenge. Saare figures Oct 2026 tak ke hain. Qeematein aur rules badalte rehte hain, is liye final faisle se pehle installer ki quote aur official source zaroor check karein.
Step 1: Units se kitne kW ka system chahiye
Formula seedha hai:
System size (kW) = rozana ke units ÷ (peak sun hours × performance ratio)
- Rozana units: mahine ke units ÷ 30
- Peak sun hours (PSH): din mein kitne “poore” ghante dhoop panel par padti hai. Hum ne ye figures European Commission ke PVGIS tool se liye hain.
- Performance ratio: garmi, mitti, wiring aur inverter ke nuqsaan ke baad jo bachta hai. Hum 75% lete hain.
| Sheher | Peak sun hours | 1 kW rozana kitne units (75% PR) |
|---|---|---|
| Lahore | 5.92 | 4.44 |
| Karachi | 6.25 | 4.69 |
| Islamabad | 5.88 | 4.41 |
| Peshawar | 5.82 | 4.37 |
| Quetta | 6.83 | 5.12 |
| Multan | 6.23 | 4.67 |
| Faisalabad | 6.05 | 4.54 |
Example: Lahore, 500 units mahana
- Rozana: 500 ÷ 30 = 16.67 units
- 1 kW Lahore mein rozana: 5.92 × 0.75 = 4.44 units
- System: 16.67 ÷ 4.44 = taqreeban 3.75 kW
- 585 W panels: 3,750 ÷ 585 = 6.4, yani 7 panels (4.1 kW)
- Paidawar: taqreeban 545 units mahana
- Inverter: 5 kW, chhat par taqreeban 225 sq ft saaf (bina saye) jagah
On-grid, hybrid ya off-grid: kaun sa lein?
| Type | Battery | Kis ke liye |
|---|---|---|
| On-grid | Nahi | Jahan load-shedding kam ho aur maqsad sirf bill kam karna ho. Sab se sasta. Bijli jaye to system bhi band. |
| Hybrid | Haan | Grid bhi aur battery bhi. Din ka bacha hua solar raat ke liye store, load-shedding mein backup. |
| Off-grid | Haan (bari) | Jahan grid connection hi na ho, jaise door daraz ilaqay ya farmhouse. Battery bari aur kharcha zyada. |
Shehar ke zyada tar gharon ke liye on-grid ya hybrid hi samajhdari hai. 2026 net billing ke baad hybrid ka case mazboot hua hai, kyun ke grid ko bijli bechna ab utna faidemand nahi raha (neeche dekhein).
Kitne ka lagta hai? Qeemat ka andaza
Oct 2026 ke market andaze ke mutabiq mukammal on-grid system (panels, inverter, structure, wiring, installation) taqreeban Rs 95 se 120 per watt mein lagta hai. Qeematein dollar ke sath upar neeche hoti hain, is liye ye sirf andaza hai.
| System | Rs 95/W par | Rs 120/W par |
|---|---|---|
| 3 kW | Rs 2,85,000 | Rs 3,60,000 |
| 5 kW | Rs 4,75,000 | Rs 6,00,000 |
| 10 kW | Rs 9,50,000 | Rs 12,00,000 |
Hamare 500 units wale example mein 4.095 kW × Rs 100/W = taqreeban Rs 4,09,500.
Battery ka hisaab
Battery (kWh) = load (kW) × ghante ÷ usable DoD. Lithium (LFP) ka usable DoD taqreeban 90% aur lead-acid ka 50% hota hai. 1 kW load (taqreeban 6 pankhe, 8 LED lights aur fridge) ko 4 ghante chalane ke liye 1 × 4 ÷ 0.9 = taqreeban 4.4 kWh lithium chahiye. Hamare calculator mein battery ki default qeemat Rs 55,000 per kWh rakhi gayi hai, is hisaab se taqreeban Rs 2,42,000. Apni quote ke hisaab se ye figure badal lein.
2026 net billing: ab grid ko bijli bechna sasta
Feb 2026 tak Pakistan mein net metering thi: jo unit grid ko bheja, woh ek unit import ko cancel karta tha, aur izafi bijli taqreeban Rs 26 per unit mein bikti thi. 9 Feb 2026 ko NEPRA ne Prosumer Regulations 2026 notify ki (Business Recorder, Dawn). Naye rules mein:
- Grid se li gayi bijli aap ke normal tariff par bill hoti hai.
- Grid ko bheji gayi bijli taqreeban Rs 10 se 11 per unit (National Average Energy Purchase Price) par credit hoti hai.
- Naye agreements 7 ki bajaye 5 saal ke hain.
- System aap ke sanctioned load se bada nahi ho sakta.
- Purane prosumers apne 7 saal ke agreement khatam hone tak purani terms par rehte hain.
Matlab: jo unit aap khud istemal karte hain woh aap ko taqreeban Rs 40–55 bachata hai, jab ke beche gaye unit se sirf Rs 10 ke qareeb milte hain. Is liye ab self-consumption yani din mein khud bijli istemal karna sab se zaroori cheez hai. Buyback rate NEPRA badal sakta hai, is liye latest figure check karein.
Payback example: paisa kitne saal mein wapas?
Wohi Lahore wala 4.095 kW system, qeemat Rs 4,09,500. Farz karein aap ka average rate Rs 45 per unit hai, 60% bijli ghar mein istemal hoti hai aur 40% grid ko jati hai, tariff har saal 5% barhta hai, panels har saal 0.5% kamzor hote hain aur maintenance qeemat ka 1% saalana hai.
- Pehle saal paidawar: taqreeban 6,636 units
- Khud istemal (60%): 3,982 units × Rs 45 = taqreeban Rs 1,79,182
- Grid ko (40%): 2,655 units × Rs 10 = taqreeban Rs 26,545
- Maintenance: Rs 4,095
- Pehle saal ki bachat: taqreeban Rs 2,01,632
- Payback: taqreeban 2 saal
| Scenario (wohi system) | Andazan payback |
|---|---|
| Purana buyback Rs 26, 60% khud istemal | taqreeban 1.7 saal |
| Naya buyback Rs 10, 60% khud istemal | taqreeban 2.0 saal |
| Naya buyback Rs 10, sirf 30% khud istemal | taqreeban 3.0 saal |
| Naya buyback Rs 10, 80% khud istemal | taqreeban 1.6 saal |
Saaf nazar aata hai: buyback rate se zyada farq is baat se padta hai ke aap kitni bijli khud istemal karte hain. Ye numbers hamare solar payback calculator ke model se nikle hain. Apni quote, apna rate aur apna self-consumption dal kar khud check karein.
Self-consumption kaise barhayein
- Paani ki motor din mein chalayein. Tanki subah 11 baje bharein, raat ko nahi.
- Kapre aur istri dopahar ko. Washing machine aur iron jaise heavy load 10 se 3 baje ke beech.
- AC ko timer par lagayein taake dopahar mein solar se ghar thanda ho jaye aur shaam ko kam chalana pare.
- Battery ka sochein agar shaam ka load zyada hai. Jo unit Rs 10 mein bikta, woh raat ko istemal ho kar Rs 40–55 bachata hai, yani har unit par Rs 30–45 ka faida. Battery ki qeemat se is ka muqabla karein.
Aam ghaltiyan
- Losses bhool jana. Units ko 30 aur phir 5-6 sun hours se divide kar dena, bina 25% nuqsaan ke. Is se system chhota reh jata hai.
- Sirf garmi ke ek bill par size karna aur bijli bechne ke liye bada system lagana. 2026 mein export sirf taqreeban Rs 10–11 ka hai.
- Sanctioned load check na karna. Net billing ke liye system load se bada nahi ho sakta.
- Saye ko ignore karna. Paani ki tanki, deewar ya padosi ki building ka saya subah 9 se shaam 4 tak paidawar kam kar deta hai.
- Sirf kW dekh kar quote compare karna. Panel brand/tier, inverter brand, structure aur warranty bhi dekhein.
- Heavy kaam raat ko karna. Motor, washing machine, iron aur AC din 10 se 3 baje chalayein taake solar khud istemal ho.
Khulasa
500 units wale ghar ke liye Lahore mein taqreeban 4 kW ka system kaafi hai, jo Rs 100/W par taqreeban Rs 4 lakh ka banta hai aur sahi istemal par taqreeban 2 saal mein paisa wapas kar sakta hai. Net billing ke baad asal game self-consumption ka hai. Pehle apna current bill samjhein (hamari guide bijli ka bill kaise check karein), phir solar size calculator se size nikalein aur payback calculator se hisaab lagayein.
Frequently asked questions
5 kW solar system kitne ka lagta hai?
Oct 2026 ke market andaze ke mutabiq mukammal on-grid system taqreeban Rs 95 se 120 per watt mein lagta hai, yani 5 kW ka taqreeban Rs 4.75 se 6 lakh. Battery is ke ilawa hai. Qeematein dollar ke sath badalti hain, is liye 2-3 installers se quote zaroor lein.
500 units ke liye kitne kW ka solar chahiye?
Lahore mein taqreeban 3.75 kW, yani 585 W ke 7 panels (4.1 kW). Ye system mahine mein taqreeban 545 units banata hai. Karachi aur Multan mein dhoop zyada hai is liye thoda kam, Islamabad aur Peshawar mein thoda zyada chahiye.
Kya Pakistan mein net metering ab bhi milti hai?
Naye connections ke liye nahi. NEPRA ne 9 Feb 2026 ko Prosumer Regulations 2026 notify ki jin mein net metering ki jagah net billing aa gayi. Ab grid ko bheja gaya unit taqreeban Rs 10 se 11 mein credit hota hai, jab ke purane net metering mein ye taqreeban Rs 26 tha. Rate NEPRA badal sakta hai.
Solar ka paisa kitne saal mein wapas aata hai?
Agar aap zyada tar bijli din mein khud istemal karte hain to 2026 ki qeematon aur tariff par aam tor par 2 se 4 saal. Agar zyada bijli grid ko bechte hain ya system mehenga hai to 5 saal ya zyada bhi lag sakte hain.
Kya sanctioned load se bada solar laga sakte hain?
Grid-connected (net billing) system ke liye nahi. 2026 regulations ke mutabiq system sanctioned load se bada nahi ho sakta. Bada system chahiye to pehle apni DISCO se load barhwayein.
Load-shedding ke liye kitni battery chahiye?
Formula: load (kW) × ghante ÷ usable DoD. Pankhe, lights aur fridge (taqreeban 1 kW) ko 4 ghante chalane ke liye taqreeban 4.4 kWh lithium ya 8 kWh lead-acid battery chahiye.
This guide is general information, not professional advice. Rates and rules change — check the official source before you file or sign anything. See our Disclaimer.